: Providing sufficient space and companionship (or solitude) to allow for natural activities like running and playing.
Socialization and training are vital for your pet's emotional and behavioral well-being: petlust com farm videos updated link
Dominance theory has been debunked. The use of shock collars, prong collars, and alpha rolls induces learned helplessness and fear aggression. Welfare-based training uses positive reinforcement (R+). A trained dog should work for treats and praise, not to avoid pain. : Providing sufficient space and companionship (or solitude)